{"id":4490,"date":"2021-05-04T14:49:08","date_gmt":"2021-05-04T18:49:08","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/kevinrkosar.com\/wordpress\/?p=4490"},"modified":"2021-05-04T14:49:12","modified_gmt":"2021-05-04T18:49:12","slug":"fees-fines-and-penalties-has-congress-lost-control-of-the-purse","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kevinrkosar.com\/wordpress\/fees-fines-and-penalties-has-congress-lost-control-of-the-purse\/","title":{"rendered":"Fees, fines and penalties: Has Congress lost control of the purse?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"647\" height=\"603\" data-attachment-id=\"4491\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/kevinrkosar.com\/wordpress\/fees-fines-and-penalties-has-congress-lost-control-of-the-purse\/kosar-fees-fines-and-penalties-pdf\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/kevinrkosar.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Kosar-Fees-Fines-and-Penalties-pdf.png\" data-orig-size=\"647,603\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Kosar-Fees-Fines-and-Penalties-pdf\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/kevinrkosar.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Kosar-Fees-Fines-and-Penalties-pdf-300x280.png\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/kevinrkosar.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Kosar-Fees-Fines-and-Penalties-pdf.png\" src=\"https:\/\/kevinrkosar.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Kosar-Fees-Fines-and-Penalties-pdf.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4491\" srcset=\"https:\/\/kevinrkosar.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Kosar-Fees-Fines-and-Penalties-pdf.png 647w, https:\/\/kevinrkosar.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Kosar-Fees-Fines-and-Penalties-pdf-300x280.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 647px) 100vw, 647px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Has Congress lost control of the purse by delegating authority to agencies to self-fund their<br>activities with fees, fines, and penalties? <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To answer this question, this paper first begins by reviewing the constitutional provisions and<br>statutory provisions that required funds collected to be deposited in the Treasury and<br>reappropriated. The paper then tries to clarify the extent to which agencies are collecting fees,<br>fines, and penalties. It subsequently reviews Congress\u2019 rationales for delegating authority, and<br>tries to assess the degree to which Congress is directing the expenditure of those funds by<br>examining the organic statutes and appropriations laws (and accompanying reports) of three<br>agencies&#8230;.(<a href=\"https:\/\/kevinrkosar.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Kosar-Fees-Fines-and-Penalties-05-04-2021-1.pdf\">Read more<\/a>)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Has Congress lost control of the purse by delegating authority to agencies to self-fund theiractivities with fees, fines, and penalties? To answer this question, this paper first begins by reviewing the constitutional provisions andstatutory provisions that required funds collected to be deposited in the Treasury andreappropriated. The paper then tries to clarify the extent to [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false}}},"categories":[165],"tags":[231],"class_list":["post-4490","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-budget","tag-c-boyden-gray-center"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pBCzY-1aq","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kevinrkosar.com\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4490","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kevinrkosar.com\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kevinrkosar.com\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kevinrkosar.com\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kevinrkosar.com\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4490"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kevinrkosar.com\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4490\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4494,"href":"https:\/\/kevinrkosar.com\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4490\/revisions\/4494"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kevinrkosar.com\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4490"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kevinrkosar.com\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4490"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kevinrkosar.com\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4490"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}